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HOMONYM
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23.52
In linguistics, a homonym
is one of a group of words that share the same pronunciation but have
different meanings, whether spelled the same or not. A more restrictive
definition sees homonyms as words that are simultaneously homographs (words that share the same spelling, regardless of their pronunciation) and homophones (words that share the same pronunciation, regardless of their spelling).
The relationship between a set of homonyms is called homonymy.
Examples of homonyms are the pair stalk (part of a plant) and
stalk (follow/harass a person)
the pair left (past tense of leave) and
left (opposite of right).
A distinction is sometimes made between "true" homonyms, which are unrelated in origin, such as skate (glide on ice) and skate (the fish), and polysemous homonyms, or polysemes, which have a shared origin, such as mouth (of a river) and mouth (of an animal).
In non-technical contexts, the term "homonym" may be used (somewhat confusingly) to refer to words that are either homographs or homophones.The words row (propel with oars) and row (argument) and row (a linear arrangement of seating) are considered homographs, while the words read (peruse) and reed (waterside plant) would be considered homophones; under this looser definition, both groups of words represent groups of homonyms.
Several similar linguistic concepts are related to homonymy.
Reference :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homonym
The relationship between a set of homonyms is called homonymy.
Examples of homonyms are the pair stalk (part of a plant) and
stalk (follow/harass a person)
the pair left (past tense of leave) and
left (opposite of right).
A distinction is sometimes made between "true" homonyms, which are unrelated in origin, such as skate (glide on ice) and skate (the fish), and polysemous homonyms, or polysemes, which have a shared origin, such as mouth (of a river) and mouth (of an animal).
In non-technical contexts, the term "homonym" may be used (somewhat confusingly) to refer to words that are either homographs or homophones.The words row (propel with oars) and row (argument) and row (a linear arrangement of seating) are considered homographs, while the words read (peruse) and reed (waterside plant) would be considered homophones; under this looser definition, both groups of words represent groups of homonyms.
| Term | Meaning | Spelling | Pronunciation | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Homonym | Different | Same or different | Same | |||||||||||
| Homograph | Different | Same | Same or different | |||||||||||
| Homophone | Different | Same or different | Same | |||||||||||
| Heteronym | Different | Same | Different | |||||||||||
| Heterograph | Different | Different | Same | |||||||||||
| Polyseme | Different but related | Same | Same or different | |||||||||||
| Capitonym | Different when capitalized |
Same except for capitalization |
Same or different | |||||||||||
| Synonym | Same | Different | Different | |||||||||||
| Synophone | Different | Different | Similar but not identical |
Venn diagram showing the relationships between homonyms (between blue and green) and related linguistic concepts.
Reference :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homonym
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